===== Reconstructing evolutionary history ===== Can I infer the past from present day observations? ---- **Assumption 1:** Genes are passed on vertically from ancestor to offspring **Assumption 2:** A gene is not invented twice ==== Analysis ==== In this exercise, we will extract the sequences of a subset of orthologs for two PCD gene families from [[https://ebersberger-46-155.biologie.uni-frankfurt.de/phyloppcd/|our interactive webtool]]. We will align these sequences and calculate a phylogenetic tree. This tree will then help us to better understand the evolutionary history of the gene family === Task 1: GH27_QRW17738.1 === - Extract the sequences of GH27_QRW17738.1 orthologs for the following taxa: Rhizoctonia solani Aspergillus oryzae Trichomonas vaginalis Cordyceps militaris Bradysia coprophila Hydra vulgaris Notolabrus celidotus Homo sapiens - To get the sequences click on the dot in the columns of the respective species in the GH27_QRW17738.1 row (use the search boxes on the left to find them!). * In the bottom left corner, you can click on "Detailed plot", opening up a window with more information that also contains the sequence. * If no sequence is shown, look at the barcharts on the top of the page. Click on the highest barchart to select one gene from the available options. This will give you the sequence * Save the sequences in a [[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/FASTA-Format|FASTA file]] (use the species name in the FASTA header!) - Align the sequences using [[https://www.ebi.ac.uk/jdispatcher/msa/clustalo|ClustalOmega]] - Inspect the distance tree generated by ClustalOmega. What can you learn? >GH27_QRW17738.1|RHISO@456999@016906535_1|XP_043177975.1|1 MIGIPVATFIFLGCAIGIVDAQQPLYTQCGGMVGRSPHHYECCASAIGCWTQSPVGKTPALGWNSWNAYQGNINEAKIRAAADALVSLGLKDAGYNYVNIDDCWSNITGRDVGTSRIKPDLNKFPNGIKSVADYIHSLGLLVGIYSDAGTLTCAGFPGSLGYENIDAQTFAEWGIDYLKYDNCNVPSNWTDTYGGPDFDWYNSNSGIRYRQMTSALASVASIRPIQYGICNWGNADVWTWGSRVGHSWRMSGDSSASWSYITSIIARNTNYLNYVEFYGHNDMDMMEIGNGALTINEQRTHFAMWVALKSPILLGTDLSKLNATQLAIIKNAELLAFSQDTTVGAPAKPYKSGTTTPPEYYTGKSAKGTHVFIMNVGSAPASKIVTFSEVTGLTCTSCKVHDMWTGKGKCIFSHTTTIVFNCGLL >GH27_QRW17738.1|ASPOR@510516@000184455_2|XP_001820370.1|1 MQRYISLSVSLSLLSGANALVRPDGVGRLPALGWNTWNAFGCDIDASKVLTAAEETINLGLKDAGYEYINIDDCWSVKSGRDPNTKRIIPDSAKFPDGISGVASKIHDLGLKVGIYSSAGTETCAGYPASLGYEKIDAESFAEWGIDYLKYDNCGVPTNWTDTYTHCVPDNSNGSKFPNGTCPDISNPAPTAYDWSSSNTAQRYNAMRDALLGVNRTILYSLCEWGQADVNTWGNGTGNSWRTTGDITPDWSRIVEIANENSFLMNYADFWGYPDPDMLEVGNGNLTLEENRAHFALWAAMKSPLIIGTALDSINEEHLAILKNKPLLSFHQDPVIGRPAYPYKWGYNPDWTFDPAHPAEYWSGPSSTLGGTLVLMFNSEDSAKHRTAVWSEIPELKDSAEKGSGYRVTEIWTGEDLGCVKDQYDVELQSHDIAALVVGESC >GH27_QRW17738.1|TRIVA@412133@000002825_2|XP_001315888.1|1 MLISFLQLATSTEYETPTMGWSSWNTYRVHISEELIKKQATAMAEKGLKEKGYKYINIDDGYFGGRNETTGQLLINPERFPNGLEPVVTHIHNLGFKAGIYSDGGRNTCGNYYDADVLGKGVGLYAHDDQDADLFFNTLQFDFIKLDYCGGDPNQNSERLNLDEQTRYTSIRKALNKITRSIRVNVCRWAYPGSWVTKLATSWRISSDIENNFDAIKRLINVNMFYSAYAVEGHYNDMDMLEVGRGMSDDEDKTHFGMWCIMSSPLLIGCDMTTIKDSTLELLKNEELIALNQDPLALQAQLVETQSNTFIFVKDILEYHSTTRAFAVYNPSDSEQTVNINFESLGLSGNIKVRDVYAKSDVGTYPSSQPFSVKVNKHGTRIFTISGETRLEQVRYEAENSWIERGSAITSAQVARVDSDSLCSLGHKVTYIGGNENDNYIEWRDVYSQNGGKYNMKIAFLSGEDRILRVIVNGKTNVLKLNAGSWTAVGTKTIEIELQKGSNVIRMDNPISFAPDIDYFEITPV >GH27_QRW17738.1|CORMI@983644@000225605_1|XP_006673409.1|1 MGFLAALSSASPYSSILDLASTMKSQLVLASAAGLATSTHVDLPLPPMGFNNWARFTTHINQSIFTDAATSMAANGMLAAGYNRLNLDDAWSTHERAANGSMVVDSVKFPQGLSWLAAFIKDKGFIPGIYTDSGTLSCGQYPAAYGHEAIDLQDFSDWGYEYLKLDGCNVPGEDEAAYRRVYFDVWRELLLTFPKPVVFSNSAPAYFCGADNLTDWYSIMGWAQQMGQLARHSYDIINYDSKGSAWDSLMTNYNQHVRLARYQRPNFFNDPDFLNTDHPNYTLEEKKTHMALWSSFSAPLIVSADIPNLKKEELEILLNKDLIAIDQDPLVQQATLVSSSPDWDVLSKNLANGDRVLTILNKAGKAGDYTVPWARIGIQTDRISPDTALSVKDLWTGKTEQVKISAGGITAKNVGPHGTFVYRISGRMGGSSHPIVLPTGLIFNTFSLKCLSDDKSGKVAWKTCDGSDGQTWTVSDEGRVHSLLRPNECLADVQGKLLSRHSGCRTDAWKYYNSGNLVNGNSNRCLTEGAAGAASVSDCGYATNEQVIGLPVGAKVIEVDYYANK >GH27_QRW17738.1|BRACO@38358@014529535_1|XP_037033872.1|1 MFSASVIIVCVLVTSQVYALENGLARTPPMGWMTWQRFRCTTDCNIFPNDCISENLIKRTVDALVRDGYRDAGYEYVIIDDCWPEMERSSEGLLVPDKNRFPSGMKALSDYIHARGLKFGIYQDYGTKTCAGYPGIIGYQELDAILFASWGVDYVKLDGCYSEPESMDEGYVSFGQLLNKTGRPMVYSCSWPVYQEEKGIEPNFTLISEHCNLWRNWDDINDSWSSLASIADYFAKNQERIQRFAGPGHWNDPDMLLIGNFGLSLEQSKVQMSLWAILAAPLLMSNDLDTIRPEFKDILLNREILSINQDPLGIQGTRVKVIDNIEIWTRPILPRTDSSHSFAVAYVSLRTDGAPHRIQLNLVDIGLTNLGGYVEMDVFEDTVSPTVKYPETLSSVIVNPTSCVLHKFVAL >GH27_QRW17738.1|BRACO@38358@014529535_1|XP_037037659.1|0 MIYPRSPPHIVLIILSLLAVAYHINGLDNGLARTPPMGWLSWERFRCNTDCEGDPDNCISENLFRTMADLVVSEGYAALGYEYINVDDCWLEKSRGPQGQLVADRKRFPRGMRSLSDYVHSKGLKFGIYEDYGNYTCAGYPGIIGYGRSDAQQFADWNVDYVKLDGCYSLPLDMDQGYPEFGRHLNSTGRQMIYSCSWPVYQIYAGISPNFSSIIEHCNLWRNYDDIQDSWASLETIIDYYGNNQDAIVPNAGPGHWNDPDMLIIGNFGLSYEQSKTQFALWAIMAAPLLMSVDLRTIRPEFKAILQNQKIIAVDQDPLGIQGRRIYKHKGIEIWSRPITPIYQTYYSYAVAFVNRRTDGTPSDVAVTLRELGLQSPTGYRVEDLYEDVNYGILSPNTKIKVKVNPSGVVILSAHVQPERITRTTYNPLNYYHVK >GH27_QRW17738.1|BRACO@38358@014529535_1|XP_037037657.1|0 MIMIYPRSPPHIVLIILSLLAVAYHINGLDNGLARTPPMGWLSWERFRCNTDCEGDPDNCISENLFRTMADLVVSEGYAALGYEYINVDDCWLEKSRGPQGQLVADRKRFPRGMRSLSDYVHSKGLKFGIYEDYGNYTCAGYPGIIGYGRSDAQQFADWNVDYVKLDGCYSLPLDMDQGYPEFGRHLNSTGRQMIYSCSWPVYQIYAGISPNFSSIIEHCNLWRNYDDIQDSWASLETIIDYYGNNQDAIVPNAGPGHWNDPDMLIIGNFGLSYEQSKTQFALWAIMAAPLLMSVDLRTIRPEFKAILQNQKIIAVDQDPLGIQGRRIYKHKGIEIWSRPITPIYQTYYSYAVAFVNRRTDGTPSDVAVTLRELGLQSPTGYRVEDLYEDVNYGILSPNTKIKVKVNPSGVVILSAHVQPERITRTTYNPLNYYHVK >GH27_QRW17738.1|BRACO@38358@014529535_1|XP_037050710.1|0 MWSKILSFVLLLWQQNKCLVDALDNGLALTPPMGWMSWQRFRCIIDCDLYPDECISERLFKTAADVIASEGYKDVGYEYVIIDDCWLESERDNVTKELVPDRKRFPNGMKALADYVHSKGLKFGIYENYGAKTCEGYPGIIDHMELDAKTFAKWDVDYIKVDGCYADYLDYDVGYPEFGRLLNKTGRPMVYSCSWPVYQEIKGLTPDYEALKQHCNLWRNWKDIQDSYESLRNITEYFAVNQSRIQPHAGRGHWNDADMLLIGNYGLSIDQSKTQMAIWAVIASPLIMSNDLKNIRPEFKEILLNKEVIDVSQDELGVQGIRKRFEARIETWMRPIKPIVNGELSYAIAWSSKRIDGAPFTVSANVGSLKLTNANGYRVTDLFNKNRFVMDILPAQNITVRVNPSGVVFYKFTAK >GH27_QRW17738.1|HYDVU@6087@000004095_1|XP_002159485.2|1 MLYLLIISQIVGLYTLDNGLARTPPMGWLQWERFRCIIDCETYPDQCISENLFKRTADKLVSDGYAKLGYKYVNIDDCWPELQRDLDGNLVADKKRFPNGIKALADYIHNHGLKMGIYTDFGTLTCGGYPASIFHMQKDTQIFSNWGVDMVKLDGCYACESLYADGYKAFGWYMNQTERPMLYSCSWPAYVEKNKFDXLLIGDYSLSESQSKVQFALWSILAAPLFISADLDTMKQWQKDILLNEEIIAVNQDVLGKMGRRVYKDNNQQNWVRYLDNNAAAVAIMSLRTDIPVYMEVTFSSINMKGPFHVRDLFLHEDLGVFNTSFKAIVDPVGVVMVKLTPMA >GH27_QRW17738.1|NOTCE@1203425@009762535_1|XP_034555657.1|1 MHLAVFLLASTLSAITFALDNGEMRTPPMGWLAWERFRCDIDCKNDPKNCISENLFIDMADRLAEDGWRELGYTYVNIDDCWASMERDENGRLQADPKRFPGGIPRLSRYMHDRGLKLGIYGDMGTHTCGGYPGTPLDKIEVDAQTFADWEVDMLKFDGCYSNASEQEKGYPLMSKALNATGRPIGYSCSWPAYQGGLPPKVNYTQLGEICNLWRNYGDIQDSWGSVLSIADWFFENQDILIPAAGPGRWNDPDMLVVGDFGLSMDQSRSQMALWAIMAAPLFMSNDLRTISSGARNILQNKMIISINQDPMGIQGRRIVKEKSHIEVFWRSLSNGASALVFFSRRTDMPYRYQTSLSKLNYTTGSYKIYDVYTDQTTMLKDTTNFVVSVNPTGVVMWYVSAPAKLHERHFYKSGNLMESVHRGDENTIPRVFL >GH27_QRW17738.1|HUMAN@9606@000001405_39|NP_000160.1|1 MQLRNPELHLGCALALRFLALVSWDIPGARALDNGLARTPTMGWLHWERFMCNLDCQEEPDSCISEKLFMEMAELMVSEGWKDAGYEYLCIDDCWMAPQRDSEGRLQADPQRFPHGIRQLANYVHSKGLKLGIYADVGNKTCAGFPGSFGYYDIDAQTFADWGVDLLKFDGCYCDSLENLADGYKHMSLALNRTGRSIVYSCEWPLYMWPFQKPNYTEIRQYCNHWRNFADIDDSWKSIKSILDWTSFNQERIVDVAGPGGWNDPDMLVIGNFGLSWNQQVTQMALWAIMAAPLFMSNDLRHISPQAKALLQDKDVIAINQDPLGKQGYQLRQGDNFEVWERPLSGLAWAVAMINRQEIGGPRSYTIAVASLGKGVACNPACFITQLLPVKRKLGFYEWTSRLRSHINPTGTVLLQLENTMQMSLKDLL >GH27_QRW17738.1|HUMAN@9606@000001405_39|NP_000253.1|0 MLLKTVLLLGHVAQVLMLDNGLLQTPPMGWLAWERFRCNINCDEDPKNCISEQLFMEMADRMAQDGWRDMGYTYLNIDDCWIGGRDASGRLMPDPKRFPHGIPFLADYVHSLGLKLGIYADMGNFTCMGYPGTTLDKVVQDAQTFAEWKVDMLKLDGCFSTPEERAQGYPKMAAALNATGRPIAFSCSWPAYEGGLPPRVNYSLLADICNLWRNYDDIQDSWWSVLSILNWFVEHQDILQPVAGPGHWNDPDMLLIGNFGLSLEQSRAQMALWTVLAAPLLMSTDLRTISAQNMDILQNPLMIKINQDPLGIQGRRIHKEKSLIEVYMRPLSNKASALVFFSCRTDMPYRYHSSLGQLNFTGSVIYEAQDVYSGDIISGLRDETNFTVIINPSGVVMWYLYPIKNLEMSQQ >GH27_QRW17738.1|HUMAN@9606@000001405_39|NP_001349777.1|0 MLLKTVLLLGHVAQVLMLDNGLLQTPPMGWLAWERFRCNINCDEDPKNCISEQLFMEMADRMAQDGWRDMGYTYLNIDDCWIGGRDASGRLMPDPKRFPHGIPFLADYVHSLGLKLGIYADMGNFTCMGYPGTTLDKVVQDAQTFAEWKVDMLKLDGCFSTPEERAQGYPKMAAALNATGRPIAFSCSWPAYEGGLPPRVNYSLLADICNLWRNYDDIQDSWWSVLSILNWFVEHQDILQPVAGPGHWNDPDMLLIGNFGLSLEQSRAQMALWTVLAAPLLMSTDLRTISAQNMDILQNPLMIKINQDPLGIQGRRIHKEKSLIEVYMRPLSNKASALVFFSCRTDMPYRYHSSLGQLNFTGSVIYEAQDVYSGDIISGLRDETNFTVIINPSGVVMWYLYPIKNLEMSQQ >GH27_QRW17738.1|HUMAN@9606@000001405_39|NP_001349779.1|0 MLLKTVLLLGHVAQVLMLDNGLLQTPPMGWLAWERFRCNINCDEDPKNCISEQLFMEMADRMAQDGWRDMGYTYLNIDDCWIGGRDASGRLMPDPKRFPHGIPFLADYVHSLGLKLGIYADMGNFTCMGYPGTTLDKVVQDAQTFAEWKVDMLKLDGCFSTPEERAQGYPKMAAALNATGRPIAFSCSWPAYEGGLPPRVNYSLLADICNLWRNYDDIQDSWWSVLSILNWFVEHQDILQPVAGPGHWNDPDMLLIGNFGLSLEQSRAQMALWTVLAAPLLMSTDLRTISAQNMDILQNPLMIKINQDPLGIQGRRIHKEKSLIEVYMRPLSNKASALVFFSCRTDMPYRYHSSLGQLNFTGSVIYEAQDVYSGDIISGLRDETNFTVIINPSGVVMWYLYPIKNLEMSQQ === Task 2: GH28_QRW23661.1 === - Repeat the analysis using GH28_QRW23661.1 and the following taxon set: Spodoptera litura Rhizoctonia solani Rhagoletis zephyria Bradysia coprophila (XP_037032572.1) Protomyces lactucae-debilis Pyricularia oryzae 70-15 Arcicela rosea (WP_367284634.1) >WP_367284634.1 glycoside hydrolase family 28 protein [Arcicella rosea] MKKRISLLIAISSAMFCNSLVAQKTPTYSWKNLPKIVQPTFAKDTFNVTKFGAKPDGITLNTQAINDAIT ACSKKGGGVVLVPNGMWLTGPIVLKSNVNLHIRKAATLLFTEDKSQYPLVEGSYEGKSAARNQSPISATN QENIAITGQGIIDGSGDVWRAVNKAQLTESEWNAKKASGGVLKANGLTWYPSEQFMKASVENRSMLLKDG VSLQSFADMKDFLRPNLLVITKCKKVLLEGVTFQNSPAWCLHPLMSENLTLRNLTIKNPEYAHNGDGMDI ESCKNFLVDGCTIDVGDDAICIKSGKDEEGRKRGMPTENGIIRNCIVYNGHGGFVVGSEMSGGARNIFVY DCTFAGTDKGLRFKSVRGRGGIVENIYAKNIFMKDIAQEAIFFDMYYFVKFATDSPRDERPVVNEGTPIF RNMKFENIVCKGANKGIFVRGLSEMPIQNIQMSNIVLDTKIGAEFIDASNITLEKVTLISENTKPVISVN NSDGLTFNTIQYKANAELLFAIAGERSKAIQILQTDSSKAQKQIEFTEGATKEAITVSTGK >GH28_QRW23661.1|PYROR@242507@000002495_2|XP_003719232.1|1 MKLSSLLAMLGVATTATAFMPADRPRNAQEFRAKHPVARRADSGCRRRFTPRASTHDLDDVSAEFEQAVRDANNGGTVHLPKDQLFVIGKPLDLTFLNDIHVKLEGTIRFTNDTPYWQANAFYHPFQRSLMFWKWGGKDIKIYGEGVLDGNGQRWWNEFSGLEILDPDNPYLRPVLFYAENTTNLHVEGIFMKDSPVWHNFVVTSKDVTYKDVIIEAISNNATSPPKNSDFFNSLNVDGVTVERVWVNIGDDCFSPKSNTSNVHVNTMYCNGTHGQSMGSLGQYEGEVSIVENVLIENVALLNGDNGARLKIWAGESVGSGWIRNVTFRNFYAANLDFVARLDSCYFNIPSETCNRFPSKMSIQDITFENFSGTTSGKNGDAVARLTCSTSPDAVCENVVFKNFNITSPCGGAPVVICDGITGLQHGCVAFDSAEAKAAMDNKCKAPVASIEPPWPVRDWRNSK >GH28_QRW23661.1|RHISO@456999@016906535_1|XP_043183898.1|1 MLSAILAVALGAAVALASKTGVKTQTCIVPSHGNVNISDTPAVHATFKKCGKGGHIIFSENTNYTLRELTTMTPCIGCTVQLEGTIQMADNITYWLKNETTNTPNITAETFPHLVYYPFQDTVAYLILKDWSHSTLVSKTGKGLIDGLGQLWWDAAVGQQILLPGTLRRPVLFTLDGANNVTVDNVTMRNPANWFNWVTDSSNVVYKNIRLSALSANKNPPANADGWDTYRTSHFELRDSHIVSGDDCFAFKPNSTYITIENVYCQNSHGVSVGSLAQYPGVLDIVEHVKVKNVTFVGNGDSSSNGARIKIWSGPVGSAIVNDIHYEDLRVENVTNPLVVDSCYFSSAYCATGKPVATITNVTVTNITGTSTGKVVSSIICPEGSTCDIKLKNVNIVPKTGVAPVYRCFSVASEDLGVNCTYPTIVNGAFKWPA >GH28_QRW23661.1|PROLA@2754530@002105105_1|XP_040722516.1|1 MLPQHCAIAAAWLQLLSLGYATAQGLSISSSHLLTSNAAVKPNPTEANVAPKVCSIKANMNGISKDLLQAAQACKSNGHIIIEAGDSLIDNVVVMADLKDVTISIQGTLHLKADPVFWAQNAYKHDLVNFQNSSAAILFRDCEGLKFGGAEVFKTGSTIIGYGAPFWSAYLADNTIMRPNLVTLQRCTNCEISNLRFLDTPKWAMYVTDSDHVNIHDMMIQSIGGSVMAMNTDGIDIRNSTNVEFHNNYIDNTDDCVAIKGMCSNIYVHDIICGSKTAGVAIGSLGNIVGVNEFVKDVVIQDVLISGTPRGGIRIKIWPGNRVKAKELLGGGGLADVHNITASRIHTSDNSQALYIDTCYSLGRTNSNCYGYPSLGTITDVTIDGIYGTSPTGSFGHVLCSNPSKCQNIKINNVIMATAVDTASGIGTTAVLNTVGVPPSILSGAPADIGLFDLSLPNGCYLERAAYATDSTPVPYFAPKPRDRPLGYLDGVPKTPADCLQPGSKWWLAQGQPSDFTLSTTSYKPPVYPKVHLSQIPASRVKVSPAFPKNG >GH28_QRW23661.1|RHAZE@28612@001687245_1|XP_017491101.1|1 LNPVVVQINDSSHIIVSDLTFINSPWFTVAPYRSEYVTIDHVTVKNPSNAPNTDGIHPEACHHVVISNCFVSTGDDGIVITSETDKNTNAKYSSENITVNHCTVHSGHGGIVIGSAISGDVRDIHAHNLHFEGTLRGVRLKSTRDHGGIVENIYIKDITMKNISDEGITISAFYDVKNFDPHNIPSKTFDVSKTPTFRNIHLTNVTGDSKLGLQIVGLPEKHFDKIELKQVHLVAKKEEIIVNADHVLKENFIYKIDKHLHDN >GH28_QRW23661.1|BRACO@38358@014529535_1|XP_037032572.1|0 MKNLITIATFIGSVLTSQLLPLPTQFFSSRLGDSAPLDKKFIVENCDYNGRLLAFSIENCTDTEGICNIVTKREYNVNITFEPSVSTSNLIWRVIFNINGQDQVLVERPIYEHVQPGVTYTLFNTFAFGFENEGLSFPATFQIIDASTERAEICHSAVLDVNSWHMVPEILSRIKAPIFPDRDFDITTYGAVPDGETDNTEAFSRAIVHCHLLGGGRVVVPPGVFLSSAITLLSNVNLHLKEGSTILFTQNTTAYPNVFTRLGGLELINFSPFIYAFGAENIALTGSGVLNGNADCEHWWPWKGRNNNLELLCGIIEGFPTEEADVAALTEMAERNVPVEERIFGEGHFMRPVFVQPYNSKNILIEGVTFLRSPNWILNPVLCENVIVRGVTINSTGPNSDGCNPESSKDVLIENVKFITGDDCIAVKSGRNADGRRINVKSENIVIQNCEMENGHGGFTIGSEISGGAQNIFCQNCSMNSPQLEQGLRFKNNAVRGGLIEDIYIRNIHIPELYTGTSASRGMVLSIDFFYEEGPNGNYPPVVRNVDIRNVTALKSNYALYLRGFPTDQITNVRLYDCHFNGVVRGSVIEHVENLGLFNVTVNGDVIEVPAV >GH28_QRW23661.1|SPOLI@69820@002706865_1|XP_022836218.1|1 MFCNSLVAQKTPTYSWKNLPKIVQPTFAKDTFNVTKFGAKPDGITLNTQAINDAITACSKKGGGVVLVPNGMWLTGPIVLKSNVNLHIRKAATLLFTEDKSQYPLVEGSYEGKSAARNQSPISATNQENIAITGQGIIDGSGDVWRAVNKAQLTESEWNAKKASGGVLKANGLTWYPSEQFMKASVENRSMLLKDGVSLQSFADMKDFLRPNLLVITKCKKVLLEGVTFQNSPAWCLHPLMSENLTLRNLTIKNPEYAHNGDGMDIESCKNFLVDGCTIDVGDDAICIKSGKDEEGRKRGMPTENGIIRNCIVYNGHGGFVVGSEMSGGARNIFVYDCTFAGTDKGLRFKSVRGRGGIVENIYAKNIFMKDIAQEAIFFDMYYFVKFATDSPRDERPVVNEGTPIFRNMKFENIVCKGANKGIFVRGLSEMPIQNIQMSNIVLDTKIGAEFIDASNITLEKVTLISENTKPVISVNNSDGLTFNTIQYKANAELLFAIAGERSKAIQILQTDSSKAQKQIEFTEGATKEAITVSTGK === Summary and Discussion === * Why are there plant cell wall degrading enzymes in animals? * Why is GH28 of //Spodoptera litura// identical to a bacterial sequence? What are the consequences given the assumptions stated above? {{ :compgenomics:cellulase_all.extended.fa.gz |}} ---- [[:compgenomics|Back to main]]